今天是Git系列課程第二課，上一課我們已經(jīng)學(xué)會在本地創(chuàng)建一個空倉庫，痞子衡今天要講的是如何將本地倉庫與遠程建立聯(lián)系。
1.將本地倉庫掛上遠程git remote
本地建好了倉庫，我們希望能夠掛到遠程服務(wù)器上，方便與其他人共享。目前最流行的遠程Git服務(wù)器當(dāng)然是github，此時你需要在github上注冊賬戶并在線創(chuàng)建一個倉庫，此處我們輸入倉庫名為gittest
點擊"Create repository"之后便彈出如下畫面，最重要的是我們可以得到一個遠程倉庫的地址：git@github.com:JayHeng/gittest.git。
有了遠程倉庫地址，我們便可以開始將本地倉庫與遠程倉庫建立聯(lián)系：
// 與遠程建立連接之前需要保證本地倉庫為非空，即至少需要一次本地提交
jay@pc MINGW64 /d/my_project/gittest (master)
$ echo "# gittest" >> README.mdjay@pc MINGW64 /d/my_project/gittest (master)
$ git add README.mdwarning: LF will be replaced by CRLF in README.md.
The file will have its original line endings in your working directory.jay@pc MINGW64 /d/my_project/gittest (master)
$ git commit -m "first commit"[master (root-commit) 5fe04f8] first commit
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
create mode 100644 README.md// 本地有了提交之后，開始與遠程的地址建立聯(lián)系
jay@pc MINGW64 /d/my_project/gittest (master)
$ git remote add origin git@github.com:JayHeng/gittest.git// 確認(rèn)本地與遠程的聯(lián)系
jay@pc MINGW64 /d/my_project/gittest (master)
$ git push -u origin masterThe authenticity of host 'github.com (xxx.xx.xxx.xxx)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'github.com,xxx.xx.xxx.xxx' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
git@github.com: Permission denied (publickey).
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.
Please make sure you have the correct access rights
and the repository exists.很不幸，我們似乎沒有與遠程建立正確的聯(lián)系，提示“Permission denied”，這是因為github賬號沒有設(shè)置ssh公鑰信息所致，需要前往github網(wǎng)站的"account settings"，依次點擊"Setting -> SSH and GPG Keys"->"New SSH key"，將本地的rsa key（id_rsa.pub里的字符串）填寫進去，下面是生成本地rsa key的方法：
// 創(chuàng)建本地rsa key（如果沒有的話，一直enter/yes；此處痞子衡已經(jīng)生成過，故直接用之前的key）
jay@pc MINGW64 /d/my_project/gittest (master)
$ ssh-keygen -t rsaGenerating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/c/Users/jay/.ssh/id_rsa):
/c/Users/jay/.ssh/id_rsa already exists.
Overwrite (y/n)? n在github網(wǎng)站設(shè)置好正確rsa key之后便可以再次嘗試與將本地與遠程進行連接：
// 再試一次確認(rèn)本地與遠程的聯(lián)系
jay@pc MINGW64 /d/my_project/gittest (master)
$ git push -u origin masterWarning: Permanently added the RSA host key for IP address 'xxx.xx.xxx.xxx' to the list of known hosts.
Counting objects: 3, done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 213 bytes | 213.00 KiB/s, done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To github.com:JayHeng/gittest.git
* [new branch] master -> master
Branch 'master' set up to track remote branch 'master' from 'origin'.好了，大功告成，此時我們已經(jīng)成功將本地與遠程建立了聯(lián)系，本地分支叫master，對應(yīng)的遠程分支是origin。
2.克隆遠程倉庫到本地git clone
Git是可以遠程協(xié)作的，這意味著任何人建立的共享遠程倉庫都可以被復(fù)制到任何機器上，只需要知道遠程倉庫地址即可。
// 將遠程repo克隆到本地
jay@pc MINGW64 /d/my_project
$ git clone git@github.com:JayHeng/gittest.gitCloning into 'gittest'...
remote: Counting objects: 3, done.
remote: Total 3 (delta 0), reused 3 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (3/3), done.有了遠程共享，再也不用擔(dān)心本地倉庫丟失了，想clone就clone，so easy！