大家好，我是痞子衡，是正經(jīng)搞技術的痞子。今天痞子衡給大家介紹的是串口調(diào)試工具pzh-py-com誕生之軟件優(yōu)化。
前面痞子衡已經(jīng)初步實現(xiàn)了pzh-py-com的串口功能，并且通過了最基本的測試，但目前的pzh-py-com相比市面上流行的串口調(diào)試工具還差得很遠，有很大的優(yōu)化空間。優(yōu)化可以從兩方面進行：一、是功能上的優(yōu)化，可以添加更多實用的功能；二、是界面效果上的優(yōu)化，可以增加一些界面動畫效果或者重新配色美化界面。下面痞子衡從這兩方面分別為pzh-py-com做一些簡單的優(yōu)化：
一、功能優(yōu)化
1.1 增強魯棒性
最開始要做的功能優(yōu)化應該是增強軟件魯棒性，即在任何異常用戶輸入的情況下，軟件都不能掛掉，痞子衡在實測中發(fā)現(xiàn)當用戶在"Com Port"里輸入的是無效串口設備號時，軟件會掛掉，因此做了以下改進，在打開設備時使用try except語句，如有異常，直接退出，不會繼續(xù)后面代碼的執(zhí)行。此類改進還有很多，不一一例舉。
class mainWin(win.com_win):
def openClosePort( self, event ):
if s_serialPort.isOpen():
s_serialPort.close()
self.m_button_openClose.SetLabel('Open')
else:
# ...
self.setParitybits()
# 添加代碼開始
try:
s_serialPort.open()
except Exception, e:
# Show warning message
return
# 添加代碼結束
self.m_button_openClose.SetLabel('Close')
# ...1.2 自動檢測可用Port
最初版本實現(xiàn)Port口選擇是用戶按標準格式“COMx”手動輸入，但這樣有一個問題，即用戶輸入的格式有可能不合法，并且即使是一個合法的格式輸入，但也可能不是一個可用的有效Port。參照市面上流行的串口調(diào)試助手，有的是下拉菜單選擇所有COM口（比如AccessPort，這樣可以解決不合法格式輸入的問題），有的是下拉菜單選擇可用的COM口（比如sscom，這樣可以解決Port是否有效的問題），痞子衡參照sscom的做法對pzh-py-com進行了如下優(yōu)化：
class mainWin(win.com_win):
def __init__(self, parent):
self.refreshComPort(None)
self.m_choice_comPort.SetSelection( 0 )
def refreshComPort( self, event ):
comports = list(serial.tools.list_ports.comports())
ports = [None] * len(comports)
for i in range(len(comports)):
comport = list(comports[i])
# example comport = [u'COM3', u'Intel(R) Active Management Technology - SOL (COM3)', u'PCI\\VEN_8086&DEV_9D3D&SUBSYS_06DC1028&REV_21\\3&11583659&0&B3']
ports[i] = comport[0] + ' - ' + comport[1]
self.m_choice_comPort.Clear()
self.m_choice_comPort.SetItems(ports)
def setPort ( self ):
index = self.m_choice_comPort.GetSelection()
comPort = self.m_choice_comPort.GetString(index)
comPort = comPort.split(' - ')
s_serialPort.port = comPort[0]1.3 實現(xiàn)格式切換功能
Char/Hex格式轉換屬于比較實用的功能，一般的串口調(diào)試助手都會有這個功能，pzh-py-com之前默認總是按照Char格式來輸入和顯示，"Format"選項框的功能實際上并沒有實現(xiàn)，因此痞子衡在這里加上了格式切換功能。
import formatter
s_formatter = formatter.formatter()
s_lastRecvFormat = None
s_lastSendFormat = None
class mainWin(win.com_win):
# 函數(shù)功能實現(xiàn)
def setSendFormat( self, event ):
lines = self.m_textCtrl_send.GetNumberOfLines()
if lines != 0:
m_sendFormat = self.m_choice_sendFormat.GetString(self.m_choice_sendFormat.GetSelection())
global s_lastSendFormat
if s_lastSendFormat == m_sendFormat:
return
else:
s_lastSendFormat = m_sendFormat
# Get existing data from textCtrl_send
data = ''
for i in range(0, lines):
data += str(self.m_textCtrl_send.GetLineText(i))
# Convert data format according to choice_sendFormat
if m_sendFormat == 'Char':
status, data = s_formatter.hexToChar(data)
if not status:
self.m_textCtrl_send.Clear()
self.m_textCtrl_send.write('Invalid format! Correct example: 12 34 56 ab cd ef')
return
elif m_sendFormat == 'Hex':
data = s_formatter.charToHex(data)
# Re-show converted data in textCtrl_send
self.m_textCtrl_send.Clear()
self.m_textCtrl_send.write(data)
def sendData( self, event ):
if s_serialPort.isOpen():
lines = self.m_textCtrl_send.GetNumberOfLines()
if lines != 0:
data = ''
for i in range(0, lines):
data += str(self.m_textCtrl_send.GetLineText(i))
# 添加代碼開始
# Make sure data is always in 'Char' format
m_sendFormat = self.m_choice_sendFormat.GetString(self.m_choice_sendFormat.GetSelection())
if m_sendFormat == 'Hex':
status, data = s_formatter.hexToChar(data)
if not status:
self.m_textCtrl_send.Clear()
self.m_textCtrl_send.write('Invalid format! Correct example: 12 34 56 ab cd ef')
return
# 添加代碼結束
s_serialPort.write(data)
# 函數(shù)功能實現(xiàn)
def setRecvFormat( self, event ):
lines = self.m_textCtrl_recv.GetNumberOfLines()
if lines != 0:
m_recvFormat = self.m_choice_recvFormat.GetString(self.m_choice_recvFormat.GetSelection())
global s_lastRecvFormat
if s_lastRecvFormat == m_recvFormat:
return
else:
s_lastRecvFormat = m_recvFormat
# Get existing data from textCtrl_recv
data = ''
for i in range(0, lines):
data += str(self.m_textCtrl_recv.GetLineText(i))
# Convert data format according to choice_recvFormat
if m_recvFormat == 'Char':
status, data = s_formatter.hexToChar(data)
elif m_recvFormat == 'Hex':
data = s_formatter.charToHex(data)
# Re-show converted data in textCtrl_recv
self.m_textCtrl_recv.Clear()
self.m_textCtrl_recv.write(data)
def recvData( self ):
if s_serialPort.isOpen():
num = s_serialPort.inWaiting()
if num != 0:
data = s_serialPort.read(num)
# 添加代碼開始
# Note: Assume that data is always in 'Char' format
# Convert data format if dispaly format is 'Hex'
m_recvFormat = self.m_choice_recvFormat.GetString(self.m_choice_recvFormat.GetSelection())
if m_recvFormat == 'Hex':
data = s_formatter.charToHex(data)
# 添加代碼結束
self.m_textCtrl_recv.write(data)發(fā)送輸入框格式切換功能實測如下，尤其是在Hex模式下，如果有異常輸入，pzh-py-com會直接清屏，并在輸入框里提示正確的示例。接收顯示框格式切換功能雷同，但并不包含異常輸入提示，因為這是個結果顯示輸出框。
1.4 啟用菜單欄
菜單欄是一個功能齊全的軟件的標配，用于實現(xiàn)各種特性功能，此處痞子衡僅添加了一個“Help”菜單，用于顯示pzh-py-com的主頁以及作者信息。首先需要在wxFormBuilder添加menu控件，然后設置回調(diào)函數(shù)名，下面是回調(diào)函數(shù)的實現(xiàn)：
def showHomepageMessage( self, event ):
messageText = (('Code: \n https://github.com/JayHeng/pzh-py-com.git \n') +
('Doc: \n https://www.cnblogs.com/henjay724/p/9416096.html \n'))
wx.MessageBox(messageText, "Homepage", wx.OK | wx.ICON_INFORMATION)
def showAboutMessage( self, event ):
messageText = (('Author: Jay Heng \n') +
('Email: hengjie1989@foxmail.com \n'))
wx.MessageBox(messageText, "About", wx.OK | wx.ICON_INFORMATION)
1.5 啟用狀態(tài)欄
狀態(tài)欄也是一般串口調(diào)試助手的標配，用于顯示發(fā)送/接收數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計信息以及串口開關狀態(tài)，因此痞子衡為pzh-py-com也加上了狀態(tài)欄功能，狀態(tài)欄主要分為三欄：接收數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計、發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計、串口狀態(tài)。
s_recvStatusFieldIndex = 0
s_sendStatusFieldIndex = 1
s_infoStatusFieldIndex = 2
s_recvStatusStr = 'Recv: '
s_recvTotalBytes = 0
s_sendStatusStr = 'Send: '
s_sendTotalBytes = 0
class mainWin(win.com_win):
def openClosePort( self, event ):
if s_serialPort.isOpen():
s_serialPort.close()
self.m_button_openClose.SetLabel('Open')
# 添加代碼開始
self.statusBar.SetStatusText(s_serialPort.name + ' is closed', s_infoStatusFieldIndex)
# 添加代碼結束
else:
# 添加代碼開始
self.statusBar.SetFieldsCount(3)
self.statusBar.SetStatusWidths([150, 150, 400])
# 添加代碼結束
self.setPort()
# ...
self.m_button_openClose.SetLabel('Close')
# 添加代碼開始
self.statusBar.SetStatusText(s_recvStatusStr + str(s_recvTotalBytes), s_recvStatusFieldIndex)
self.statusBar.SetStatusText(s_sendStatusStr + str(s_sendTotalBytes), s_sendStatusFieldIndex)
self.statusBar.SetStatusText(s_serialPort.name + ' is open, ' +
str(s_serialPort.baudrate) + ', ' +
str(s_serialPort.bytesizes) + ', ' +
s_serialPort.parity + ', ' +
str(s_serialPort.stopbits), s_infoStatusFieldIndex)
# 添加代碼結束
s_serialPort.reset_input_buffer()
# ...
def sendData( self, event ):
if s_serialPort.isOpen():
lines = self.m_textCtrl_send.GetNumberOfLines()
if lines != 0:
# ...
s_serialPort.write(data)
# 添加代碼開始
global s_sendTotalBytes
s_sendTotalBytes += len(data)
self.statusBar.SetStatusText(s_sendStatusStr + str(s_sendTotalBytes), s_sendStatusFieldIndex)
# 添加代碼結束
else:
self.statusBar.SetStatusText(s_serialPort.name + ' is not open !!!', s_infoStatusFieldIndex)
def recvData( self ):
if s_serialPort.isOpen():
num = s_serialPort.inWaiting()
if num != 0:
# ...
self.m_textCtrl_recv.write(data)
# 添加代碼開始
global s_recvTotalBytes
s_recvTotalBytes += len(data)
self.statusBar.SetStatusText(s_recvStatusStr + str(s_recvTotalBytes), s_recvStatusFieldIndex)
# 添加代碼結束狀態(tài)欄實測功能如下：
二、界面優(yōu)化
2.1 添加串口開關亮燈效果
界面優(yōu)化的地方有很多，痞子衡簡單做了一個與串口開關按鈕同步的小燈顯示效果，當串口打開時，小燈顯示綠色；當串口關閉時，小燈顯示黑色；代碼里的實現(xiàn)其實就是兩張圖片之間的切換。
class mainWin(win.com_win):
def openClosePort( self, event ):
if s_serialPort.isOpen():
s_serialPort.close()
self.m_button_openClose.SetLabel('Open')
# 添加代碼開始
self.m_bitmap_led.SetBitmap(wx.Bitmap( u"../img/led_black.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,g_center,image_YXJ0aWNsZS9wdWJsaWMvd2F0ZXJtYXJrLnBuZz94LW9zcy1wcm9jZXNzPWltYWdlL3Jlc2l6ZSxQXzQwCg==,t_20", wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY ))
# 添加代碼結束
else:
# ...
self.m_button_openClose.SetLabel('Close')
# 添加代碼開始
self.m_bitmap_led.SetBitmap(wx.Bitmap( u"../img/led_green.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,g_center,image_YXJ0aWNsZS9wdWJsaWMvd2F0ZXJtYXJrLnBuZz94LW9zcy1wcm9jZXNzPWltYWdlL3Jlc2l6ZSxQXzQwCg==,t_20", wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY ))
# 添加代碼結束
# ...
至此，串口調(diào)試工具pzh-py-com誕生之軟件優(yōu)化痞子衡便介紹完畢了，掌聲在哪里~~~